410/420 Stainless Steel Bar
UNS S41000/UNS S42000
Stainless steel 410/420, also known as UNS S41000 and UNS S42000, is considered a basic martensitic stainless steel. Comprised of 11.5% to 13.5% chromium and iron, along with trace amounts of other elements including carbon, manganese, phosphorus, silicon, and sulfur. After heat treatment, Stainless Steel 410 exhibits high mechanical properties, it is magnetic in both hardened and annealed conditions. Upon specification, Stainless Steel 410 can be delivered in a hardened, yet still machinable state for uses where moderate corrosion resistance and high strength are required. Stainless Steel 410 reaches maximum corrosion resistance when hardened, tempered and polished. It can be welded using most common welding methods, hot worked between 2000° F and 2200° F, as well as, cold formed and annealed. Because of all of these traits it is widely considered the “general purpose grade” of stainless steel.
UNS S42000, commonly known as Stainless Steel 420 is the high carbon content version of Stainless Steel 410. Corrosion resistance is similar between the two, but Stainless Steel 420 additionally provides increased strength and hardness. Like Stainless Steel 410 it is also considered a “general purpose grade” including at least 12% chromium, which is enough to give it acceptable corrosion resistance. Typically, Stainless Steel 420 achieves its best corrosion resistance when the alloy is hardened and polished, or surface ground.
Industries that use 410 & 420 include:
- Automotive
- Dental/Medical
- Electrical
- Food processing
- Forging
- Petrochemical
- Tool
- Tractor
Products partially or completely constructed of 410 & 420 include:
- Bearings
- Bushings
- Cutlery
- Dies
- Fasteners
- Hand tools
- Plastic molds
- Pump shafts
- Screens
- Steam/Gas
- Surgical instruments
- Turbine blades
- Valves/Valve components
| 410 COND A | STOCKING DIAMETERS | 1/2” TO 16” |
| MATERIAL LENGTHS | UP TO 24’ |
| 410 COND HT ASTM A-479 COND 2 STRESS RELIEVED | STOCKING DIAMETERS | 1/2” TO 7” |
| MATERIAL LENGTHS | UP TO 24’ |
| 420 COND A | STOCKING DIAMETERS | 1/2” TO 14” |
| MATERIAL LENGTHS | UP TO 24’ |
BAR SPECIFICATIONS | UNS | TYPE | AMS | ASTM | FEDERAL | CHARACTERISTICS |
| S41000 | 410 | 5613 | A-276
A-314
A-479
A-493 | QQ-S-763 | 410 is a low cost general purpose stainless steel, that hardens at 35-39 RC and is used widely where corrosion is not severe. |
| S42000 | 420 | 5621 | A-276
A-314 | QQ-S-763 | 420 is similar to 400, but the raised carbon content produces higher strength and hardness. Heat treatment to 50 RC min. |
CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS – 410 | C | MN | P | S | SI | CR | NI | MO | CU | OTHER | M/NM |
| 0.15 | 1.0 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 1.0 | 11.5 – 13.5 | 0.75 | 0.5 | 0.5 | Al .05
Sn .05
N .08 | M |
CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS – 420 | C | MN | P | S | SI | CR | NI | MO | CU | OTHER | M/NM |
| 0.15 Min. | 1.0 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 1.0 | 12. 0– 14.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | | M
|
RESISTANCE
Corrosion Resistance:
- Less resistant than the austenitic grades and the 17% chromium ferritic alloys
- Good resistance in the hardened condition to the atmosphere, foods, fresh water, and mild acids
- Resistance lowered in the annealed condition
- Best with a smooth surface finish
Heat Resistance:
- Not recommended for use above the relevant tempering temperature because of reduction in mechanical properties
- Scaling temperature is approximately 1202oF (650oC)
PROCESSING
- Tough, stringy chip build-up.
- Similar to machining some of the high carbon tool steel
Welding
- Not commonly welded due to air hardening characteristics.
- Welding may be performed after preheating to 300-400 F
- Post weld tempering at temperature for 2 hours
Hot Working
- Recommended to bring temperatures slowly up to 1400, then on to 2000-2200 F
- Furnace cool slowly to avoid cracking, after furnace working
- Reheating is necessary to keep working temperature above 1600 F.
Cold Working
- Can withstand only minor cold work.
- Radical forming operations will result in cracking.
Annealing
- Anneal at temperatures between 1550-1650 F (843-900 C)
- Allow for slow furnace cooling.
Tempering
- Temper at temperatures of 300-400 F
- Air cool for maximum hardness and corrosion resistance.
Hardening
- Soak at 1850-1950 F to quench in heated oil.
